In 1918 an independent Lithuanian state was formed, but the traditional Lithuanian capital Vilnius was already captured by Polish troops in 1920. So Kaunas became the temporary capital of Lithuania and soon evolved into a new cultural centre of the country. During that time many Lithuanians came back from other European countries with new ideas. Kaunas' time as capital was over when Lithuania joined the Soviet Union in 1940.
The Kaunas of 1919-1940 was awarded the European Heritage Label in 2014.
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