The Semmering Railway was built between 1848 and 1854 under Carl von Ghega and is the first mountain railway in Europe built with a standard gauge track. On the 41km long line there are 14 tunnels, 16 viaducts and more than 100 bridges. Today it is still in use as part of the Southern Railway of the Austrian Federal Railways. Since 1998 is the Semmering Railway on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
The Brenner Railway was opened in 1867, 150 years ago. It was built by the Austro-Hungarian Empire and crosses the Brenner Pass. Although it has insufficient capacity and the travel speed is low, it is still considered to be a fundamental railway.
The Rhaetian Railway is a railway operator in the Swiss Canton of Graubünden and the largest private railway operator in Switzerland. It features an impressive set of structures, which were all built in perfect harmony with the landscapes through which they pass. Its construction had a major and lasting socio-economic impact on life in the mountains. The Rhaetian Railway in the Albula and Bernina Landscapes is since 2008 on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
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| Landwasser Viaduct - built between 1901 and 1902, signature structure of the Albula Railway |
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| Brusio Spiral Viaduct - in use since 1908, signature structure of the Bernina Railway |
The Mittenwald Railway connects Garmisch-Partenkirchen in Bavaria with Innsbruck in Tyrol. It was built as an electric local railway from 1910 to 1912 and had a substantial impact on the development of standards for electric railway operations in Central Europe. When it was opened in 1912 it was operated jointly by the Austrian Federal Railways and the Royal Bavarian State Railways.
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